Spring2.0简明手册（系列之五 事务管理）
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1.声明式事务管理 Spring2.0及以后的版本中声明式事务的配置与之前的版本有相当大的不同。主要差异在于不再需要配置TransactionProxyFactoryBean了。 1.1基于XML Schema //我们想做成事务性的服务接口 package x.y.service; public interface FooService { Foo getFoo(String fooName); Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName); void insertFoo(Foo foo); void updateFoo(Foo foo); } //上述接口的一个实现 package x.y.service; public class DefaultFooService implements FooService { public Foo getFoo(String fooName) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public void insertFoo(Foo foo) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public void updateFoo(Foo foo) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } } <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd"> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 加载属性文件 --> <!-- =================================== --> <bean id="jdbcConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:jdbc-config.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <!-- =================================== --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="jdbc.username"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置事务 --> <!-- =================================== --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="defaultServiceOperation" expression="execution(* x.y.service.*Service.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="defaultServiceOperation" advice-ref="defaultTxAdvice"/> <aop:pointcut id="noTxServiceOperation" expression="execution(* x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="noTxServiceOperation" advice-ref="noTxAdvice"/> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="defaultTxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <tx:advice id="noTxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="NEVER"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置业务Bean --> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- this bean will be transactional (c.f. the 'defaultServiceOperation' pointcut) --> <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/> <!-- this bean will also be transactional, but with totally different transactional settings --> <bean id="anotherFooService" class="x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager"/> </beans> 更进一步：参照Spring2.0参考手册--9.5.5. <tx:advice/> 有关的设置 1.2使用 @Transactional //the service class that we want to make transactional @Transactional(readOnly = true) public class DefaultFooService implements FooService { public Foo getFoo(String fooName) { // do something } // these settings have precedence for this method @Transactional(readOnly = false, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW) public void updateFoo(Foo foo) { // do something } } <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 加载属性文件 --> <!-- =================================== --> <bean id="jdbcConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:jdbc-config.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <!-- =================================== --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="jdbc.username"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置事务 --> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- enable the configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- 配置业务Bean --> <!-- =================================== --> <!-- this is the service object that we want to make transactional --> <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/> </beans> 更进一步：参照Spring2.0参考手册--9.5.6.1. @Transactional 有关的设置 1.3插入事务操作 1.3.1使用 @Transactional <!-- the service class that we want to make transactional --> @Transactional(readOnly = true) public class DefaultFooService implements FooService { public Foo getFoo(String fooName) { // do something } // these settings have precedence for this method @Transactional(readOnly = false, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW) public void updateFoo(Foo foo) { // do something } } package x.y; import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; import org.springframework.util.StopWatch; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; public class SimpleProfiler implements Ordered { private int order; // allows us to control the ordering of advice public int getOrder() { return this.order; } public void setOrder(int order) { this.order = order; } // this method is the around advice public Object profile(ProceedingJoinPoint call) throws Throwable { Object returnValue; StopWatch clock = new StopWatch(getClass().getName()); try { clock.start(call.toShortString()); returnValue = call.proceed(); } finally { clock.stop(); System.out.println(clock.prettyPrint()); } return returnValue; } } <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd"> <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/> <!-- this is the aspect --> <bean id="profiler" class="x.y.SimpleProfiler"> <!-- execute before the transactional advice (hence the lower order number) --> <property name="order" value="1"/> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> <aop:config> <!-- this advice will execute around the transactional advice --> <aop:aspect id="profilingAspect" ref="profiler"> <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethodWithReturnValue" expression="execution(!void x.y..*Service.*(..))"/> <aop:around method="profile" pointcut-ref="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here --> </beans> 1.3.2基于XML Schema <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd"> <!--DefaultFooService的代码跟前面一样，只是没有@Transactional注释--> <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/> <!-- the profiling advice --> <bean id="profiler" class="x.y.SimpleProfiler"> <!-- execute before the transactional advice (hence the lower order number) --> <property name="order" value="1"/> </bean> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="entryPointMethod" expression="execution(* x.y..*Service.*(..))"/> <!-- will execute after the profiling advice (c.f. the order attribute) --> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="entryPointMethod" order="2"/> <!-- order value is higher than the profiling aspect --> <aop:aspect id="profilingAspect" ref="profiler"> <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethodWithReturnValue" expression="execution(!void x.y..*Service.*(..))"/> <aop:around method="profile" pointcut-ref="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here --> </beans> 1.4Spring1.x版本中声明式事务的配置: 1.4.1配置TransactionProxyFactoryBean <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="baseTxProxy" lazy-init="true" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true"> <property name="transactionManager"><ref bean="transactionManager"/></property> <property name="target"><ref bean="daoTarget"/></property> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here --> </beans> 1.4.2利用bean继承简化事务代理的配置 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="baseTxProxy" lazy-init="true" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true"> <property name="transactionManager"><ref bean="transactionManager"/></property> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="do*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="load*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="store*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="print*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="testTrans1" parent="baseTxProxy"> <property name="target"> <bean class="x.y.Test1"/> </property> </bean> <bean id="testTrans2" parent="baseTxProxy"> <property name="target"> <bean class="x.y.Test2"/> </property> </bean> <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here --> </beans> 1.4.3根据BeanName自动创建事务代理 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <!-- 定义BeanNameAutoProxyCreator--> <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> <!-- 指定对满足哪些bean name的bean自动生成业务代理 --> <property name="beanNames"> <!-- 下面是所有需要自动创建事务代理的bean--> <list> <value>test1</value> <value>test2</value> </list> <!-- 此处可增加其他需要自动创建事务代理的bean--> </property> <!-- 下面定义BeanNameAutoProxyCreator所需的事务拦截器--> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>transactionInterceptor</value> <!-- 此处可增加其他新的Interceptor --> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> <!-- 事务拦截器bean需要依赖注入一个事务管理器 --> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <!-- 下面定义事务传播属性--> <props> <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here --> </beans> 2.编程式事务管理 不建议使用，略。 3.PlatformTransactionManager 使用Spring时，无论你选择编程式还是声明式的事务管理，定义一个正确的 PlatformTransactionManager 实现都是至关重要的。 一般来说，选择PlatformTransactionManager实现时需要知道当前的工作环境，如JDBC、JTA、Hibernate等。 JDBC: <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> JTA: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.0.xsd"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/jpetstore"/> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" /> <!-- other <bean/> definitions here --> </beans> Hibernate局部事务: <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>org/springframework/samples/petclinic/hibernate/petclinic.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <value> hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect} </value> </property> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> Hibernate全局事务: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.0.xsd"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/jpetstore"/> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>org/springframework/samples/petclinic/hibernate/petclinic.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <value> hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect} </value> </property> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" /> <!-- other <bean/> definitions here --> </beans> 本文出自 “点滴积累_勤耕不辍” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://robert.blog.51cto.com/374512/88168 本文出自 51CTO.COM技术博客 |
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